From a biological standpoint, a lower Hb level was associated with higher levels of creatinine and natriuretic peptides (both NT-proBNP and BNP), as well as a lower prothrombin time, all demonstrating a highly significant trend (Ptrend < 0.01).
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Lastly, a decreasing trend was observed in the use of microaxial flow pumps across quartiles with lower Hb levels (Ptrend < 0.01).
Notably, systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures were all significantly lower in Q1 (p < 0.01), with a clear trend observed across quartiles (Ptrend < 0.01) for all three measures.
Patients in the lowest Hb quartile (Q1) were older (p < 0.01), more frequently male (p < 0.01), and had a lower body mass index (p < 0.01), all demonstrating a significant trend across quartiles.