Although the improvements in conduction velocity, action potential duration, and structural gene expression did not reach statistical significance, observed trends and enhanced tissue organization suggest that GNRs may positively modulate the electrophysiological microenvironment and cellular architecture.
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Interaction of cardiomyocytes from CCND2-overexpressing human induced pluripotent stem cells with electrically conductive hydrogels.
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However, row Z-scores showed a trend for higher CV in the GelMA+0.5GNR at lower stimulation frequencies ( Fig. 8B ).