Novel Acylated Naringin Enhances Propionate Release and Stimulates the Growth of Flavanone-Metabolizing Bacteria in an In Vitro Batch Fermentation Model.

Compared to naringin alone, both the naringin acetate and naringin + acetate treatments showed a trend toward slightly increased abundances of Bacteroides , Fournierella , and Holdemanella —genera implicated in short-chain fatty acid production and metabolic activity.

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Furthermore, both donors exhibited a slight plateau in propionate levels up to 8 h; however, only donor A showed a highly significant increase in propionate towards the end of fermentation across all experimental conditions.

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However, these differences did not reach statistical significance.

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