Barely Significant
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Maternal and placental microbiome and immune crosstalk in pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age fetuses - a pilot case-control study.

Front Cell Infect Microbiol · 2025 · PMC12229884 · PMID 40625836

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hedged sentences
1.0000
closest p · 20.0× alpha
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boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 1.0not close (p > 0.1)
Analysis of Microbiome-Intrinsic taxon sets revealed trends toward enrichment of butyrate-producing bacteria (raw p = 0.022), although this did not reach statistical significance after multiple testing correction (adjusted p = 1.0) ( Supplementary Table 2 ).

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a trend towards significanceno p-value reported
Five taxa remained significant after correction for multiple testing (p-adjusted <0.05), while three additional taxa showed a trend towards significance (p-adjusted <0.1).

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highly significantno p-value reported
The results showed a highly significant difference between the placenta of the mother and the placenta of the fetus in terms of the first principal coordinate (PCoA_1), with p-values of 0.0001 (t-test) and 3.97E-05 (Wilcoxon test) in SGA group ( Figure 5C ).

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showed a trendno p-value reported
Veillonella showed a trend toward higher abundance in stool samples in SGA group, while other taxa were significant only at a lower threshold.

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