Barely Significant
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Seminal plasma protects frozen-thawed ram spermatozoa from neutrophil attack: a complement mediated dynamic.

Reproduction · 2025 · PMC12231180 · PMID 40536802

Europe PMCDOI
3
hedged sentences
0.0520
closest p · 1.0× alpha
0.0520
boldest claim

The sentences

approaching significanceP = 0.052so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)
Differences were observed in the binding of fresh and frozen-thawed sperm treatments in the serum-free treatments, approaching significance ( P = 0.052).

also in 2,640 other papers

a clear trendno p-value reported
Despite not reaching significance, there was a clear trend towards frozen-thawed sperm being more susceptible to neutrophil binding compared to fresh sperm in the absence of serum.

also in 19,460 other papers

failed to reach significanceno p-value reported
Differences between fresh and frozen ram sperm also failed to reach significance in a previous study by Pini et al.

also in 4,113 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.