Barely Significant
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Evidence of Organ-Specific Metal Accumulation: ICP-MS Elemental Analysis of Autopsy Tissues of Tobacco Smokers.

Int J Mol Sci · 2025 · PMC12249502 · PMID 40650146

4
hedged sentences
0.0270
closest p · 0.5× alpha
0.0270
boldest claim

The sentences

close to significancep = 0.027actually significant
Magnesium (Mg) was the only element for which the differences between groups were close to significance ( p = 0.027), which may suggest potential deviations in its concentration.

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approaching significanceno p-value reported
In region B, the only elements approaching significance were cadmium (Cd) and Mn ( Figure 10 a,b).

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For lead (Pb), the p value of 0.051 is close to the level of significance, which may suggest that the differences in the levels of this element may be significant; however, at the level of 0.05, the result is ambiguous.

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may be significantno p-value reported
This is particularly important given that the biological half-life of cadmium in the human body is >25 years, which is a significant period, suggesting that cadmium may be significantly retained in the lungs of long-term smokers [ 53 ].

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.