A notable trend is the push towards higher-frequency radar systems (e.g., 77 GHz and 79 GHz), which offer improved resolution and object separation capabilities compared to traditional automotive radars, enabling finer environmental details to be captured, such as the delineation between closely parked vehicles [ 6 , 62 ], enabling finer environmental details to be captured, such as the delineation between closely parked vehicles.
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An Overview of Autonomous Parking Systems: Strategies, Challenges, and Future Directions.
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Conclusions This review has charted the significant evolution of Autonomous Parking Systems (APS), highlighting a clear trend towards AI-centric solutions.
The increasing application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), particularly model-free methods like Soft Actor–Critic, represents a significant trend in vehicle control for autonomous parking.