Correlates of Loneliness in Parkinson Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study.

Behav Sci (Basel) · 2025 · PMC12466522 · PMID 41009263

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

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closest p · 1.2× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp < 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

When the baseline and follow-up variables from models 1 and 2 were combined (Model 3) only sex, demoralization during the COVID-19 pandemic, and PDHRQoL at baseline remained statistically significant, and perceived emotional–informational social support during the COVID-19 pandemic showed a trend ( p < 0.06).

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failed to reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

A new finding is that demoralization, not examined in previous studies, had a strong association with loneliness whereas depression and anxiety failed to reach statistical significance when demoralization was included in the regression models.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.