Exosomal pHERV-W ENV as a dynamic biomarker for relapse prediction and prognosis in multiple sclerosis.

J Neuroinflammation · 2025 · PMC12542391 · PMID 41121274

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hedged sentences

0.1000

closest p · 2.0× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp < 0.1so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

CD63, involved in exosome biogenesis and trafficking, showed a trend-level increase ( p < 0.1).

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Stable MS patients exhibited intermediate levels of expression, slightly higher than those of healthy donors, but the difference did not reach statistical significance ( p = not significant, n.s.).

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