Comparative effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and incretin-based therapies on dementia risk in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) · 2025 · PMC12605505 · PMID 41234238

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0400

closest p · 0.8× alpha

0.6100

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.04actually significant

Additionally, SGLT2is showed a trend toward a lower risk of dementia compared with GLP-1RA did (HR 0.93, 95% CI: 0.86–1.00, p = 0.04, I 2 = 4%).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.61not close (p > 0.1)

In contrast, the effect of canagliflozin did not reach statistical significance (HR 1.11, 95% CI: 0.74–1.66, p = 0.61, I 2 = 56%). 3.6.

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borderline significanceno p-value reported

Dapagliflozin (HR 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60–0.99, p = 0.05, I 2 = 73%) showed borderline significance for the risk of dementia.

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