Physical Symptoms and Neurocognitive Complaints in Long COVID: Associations with Gender, Age, Education, and Clinical Factors.

Brain Sci · 2025 · PMC12650069 · PMID 41300187

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0550

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0550

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.055so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Severe infection showed a trend toward higher total cognitive complaints (No: M = 34.1, SD = 8.6; Yes: M = 37.1, SD = 4.46; t(16.45) = −2.06, p = 0.055; Cohen’s d ≈ 0.35), but the severe-infection group was small (Yes n = 12) and the difference did not reach conventional significance.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

All observed correlations were small in magnitude (| r | < 0.12) and did not reach statistical significance, indicating no meaningful linear relationships in this sample.

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