Immunohistochemical Expression of TNFR1, IL-6, and TGF-β1 in the Synovial Tissue of Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis.

Biomedicines · 2025 · PMC12650195 · PMID 41301825

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showed a trendno p-value reported

HOA-int, showed a trend toward higher values in HOA but did not reach significance ( p = 0.0774).

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Transcriptomic analysis supported IL-6 upregulation, while TNFR1 and TGF-β1 did not reach statistical significance at the mRNA level in an orthogonal, non-hip (knee-predominant) dataset.

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