Cardioembolic stroke versus embolic stroke of undetermined source: early severity and long-term outcomes in a prospective cohort.

BMC Neurol · 2025 · PMC12701600 · PMID 41327082

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0800

closest p · 1.6× alpha

0.1800

boldest claim

The sentences

a numerical trendp = 0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In the ESUS group, outcomes between women and men did not differ significantly, although women showed a numerical trend toward higher disability (mean mRS, 2.6 vs. 2.1; p = 0.08).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.18not close (p > 0.1)

7.4%), although the difference did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.18).

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showed a trendno p-value reported

Among ESUS patients, women were also older and showed a trend toward higher NIHSS scores and worse recovery than men, although these differences did not reach statistical significance—likely reflecting limited subgroup size and the milder overall presentation in ESUS.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.