Relationship Between Maxillary Transverse Deficiency and Respiratory Problems: A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Devices over the Past Decade.

Although cognitive functions remained largely stable, visuospatial working memory showed a near-significant improvement, suggesting subtle cognitive benefits accompanying better sleep and breathing. 3.5.

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Although the study did not find statistically significant changes in parameters such as pressure drop, midsagittal velocity, or wall shear stress, all indices showed a trend toward reduced airflow resistance, particularly during expiration.

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