Physiological and Behavioral Response Differences Between Video-Mediated and In-Person Interaction.

In contrast, a separate study that used text-based communication to avoid movement-related artifacts found no statistically significant differences in HR or GSR between in-person and virtual conditions, although both measures showed a trend toward higher values in the face-to-face setting [ 29 ].

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The difference was more pronounced during the free-talk task but did not reach statistical significance in either case.

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