Baseline exposure-response assessment of metals from dried blood spots and personal household air pollution concentrations among pregnant women in Rwanda: household air pollution intervention network trial.

J Health Popul Nutr · 2025 · PMC12829154 · PMID 41420186

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showed a trendno p-value reported

BC exposure also showed a trend of a positive association with blood Pb (estimate: 0.11; 95% CI − 0.01–0.24), with the confidence interval narrowly including the null value.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In this study, the estimated associations between household air pollution exposures and blood metal concentrations were small in magnitude and did not reach statistical significance.

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