ABCA1 acts as a protective modulator in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

1 According to the Global Burden of Disease 2016 data, the age-standardized incidence and prevalence of motor neuron diseases have shown an increasing trend since 1990, particularly in regions with higher SDI levels, likely reflecting improved diagnostic awareness and region-specific environmental or lifestyle risk factors. 2 Within this disease spectrum, ALS constitutes the predominant subtype, accounting for approximately 80–90% of all motor neuron d

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Consistently, in our in-house serum cohort, ABCA1 levels exhibited a negative trend with ALSFRS-R total and subdomain scores ( Figures 7 I and S6 C–S6H), suggesting that patients with greater functional impairment tended to show higher ABCA1 concentrations, although these associations did not reach statistical significance and warrant further validation in larger populations.

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In GSE153960 , significant ABCA1 dysregulation was observed in the temporal cortex (log 2 FC = −0.54, p = 2.8 × 10 −3 ) and hippocampus (log 2 FC = 1.49, p = 2.0 × 10 −10 ), whereas changes in other cortical regions—including the medial and lateral motor cortices, occipital cortex, and cerebellum—did not reach statistical significance.

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The EAPC was then calculated as E A P C = 100 × ( e β − 1 ) Positive EAPC values indicate an increasing trend, while negative values indicate a decreasing trend.

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