highly significantp = 4.5 × 10 −7
In contrast, the 100-gene PDCD4 signature demonstrated highly significant prognostic value (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.53–0.75, p = 4.5 × 10 −7 , C-index = 0.621; Supplementary Figure S3 ), with significantly superior discriminative ability (likelihood ratio test p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).