Caesarean Delivery Influences Breast Milk Composition-A Narrative Review.

Nutrients · 2026 · PMC12844672 · PMID 41599820

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showed a trendno p-value reported

Human milk from mothers after CS also showed a trend toward higher bacterial richness than milk from mothers after vaginal delivery.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The available data are not fully consistent, though, and indicate that some results, such as those concerning Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp., did not reach statistical significance.

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