The association between accelerometer-measured physical activity and symptoms of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Figure 6 illustrates that the wear location was identified as a borderline significant moderating factor (Cochran’s Q = 3.48, p = 0.06).

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Conclusion The study revealed a consistent small negative association between PA and symptoms of depression and anxiety in cross-sectional studies, while prospective studies, although aligned in direction and magnitude, did not reach statistical significance.

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Exploring heterogeneity with subgroup comparisons Subgroup analyses identified epoch length as a significant moderator and wear location as a marginally significant moderator, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 .

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The main findings of this study are: 1) The partial r effect showed that MVPA had a small negative association with symptoms of depression and anxiety; 2) For the OR effect, TPA and LPA had a small negative relationship with depression; 3) Epoch length significantly moderated the association between PA and depression, and wear location also showed a near-significant moderating effect.

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