Does multidisciplinary disease management program lower hospitalization and mortality among patients with heart failure? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BMC Health Serv Res · 2026 · PMC12896042 · PMID 41555291

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0770

closest p · 1.5× alpha

0.0770

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.077so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Egger’s test was significant ( p = 0.037), while Harbord’s test showed a trend ( p = 0.077), and Peters’ test was non-significant ( p = 0.217).

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

By contrast, remote/telemedicine programs (6 trials) did not reach statistical significance (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.91–1.08; I2 = 0.0%).

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