Barely Significant
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Phase 3 randomized clinical trials of simufilam in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease.

J Prev Alzheimers Dis · 2026 · PMC12988371 · PMID 41500915

2
hedged sentences
0.0500
closest p · 1.0× alpha
0.0700
boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep-values <0.05actually significant
nominally significantno p-value reported
Since the primary endpoints in both trials did not reach statistical significance, all other p-values <0.05 for both predefined subgroups and post hoc analyses are considered nominally significant and hypothesis-generating.

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a favorable trendp = 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)
3.1.5 Biomarker sub-studies There were no significant differences between simufilam and placebo for changes from baseline to Week 52 or Week 76 on tertiary endpoints of sub-studies for plasma biomarkers in either trial ( n = 27–47 per group; Table 2 ), although there was a favorable trend on plasma GFAP, a neuroinflammation marker, in the 100 mg group in REFOCUS ( p = 0.07).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.