Barely Significant
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Changes in Passive Muscle Stiffness Following Biceps Femoris Strain Injury in Track-and-Field Athletes: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses.

Scand J Med Sci Sports · 2026 · PMC12988397 · PMID 41830301

3
hedged sentences
0.0570
closest p · 1.1× alpha
0.0940
boldest claim

The sentences

approached significancep = 0.057so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)
Between‐limb comparisons revealed that at the rehabilitation phase, the difference approached significance ( p = 0.057, Cohen's d = 0.890 [95% CI: −0.023–1.755]), while at the return‐to‐sport phase, the injured limb was significantly greater ( p = 0.017, Cohen's d = 1.231 [95% CI: 0.200–2.211]).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.094so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)
In the injured limb, passive BFlh stiffness at the rehabilitation phase was significantly greater than that at baseline ( p = 0.049, Cohen's d = 1.465 [95% CI: 0.343–2.537]), while the difference at the return‐to‐sport phase approached but did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.094, Cohen's d = 1.261 [95% CI: 0.219–2.252]).

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a trend toward significanceno p-value reported
Although some comparisons that showed only a trend toward significance in the parametric analyses reached statistical significance in the nonparametric tests, the overall pattern of temporal changes was consistent across analytical approaches.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.