Efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of combat-related PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Front Psychiatry · 2026 · PMC12999802 · PMID 41868833

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0980

closest p · 2.0× alpha

0.0980

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.098so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The pooled mean difference favored TMS but did not reach statistical significance (MD = −3.83 [95% CI −16.32 to 8.65]; p = 0.098; I2 = 56.9%) ( Figure 3 ).

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failed to reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The direction of effects is compatible with randomized pilot trials of deep TMS combined with brief exposure, which showed promising symptom reductions but failed to reach statistical significance in small samples ( 58 ).

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