Field assessment of melatonin timing reveals circadian misalignment beyond chronotype in elite female football players.

NPJ Biol Timing Sleep · 2026 · PMC13043867 · PMID 41922735

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0640

closest p · 1.3× alpha

0.0930

boldest claim

The sentences

near-significantp = 0.064so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

None of the predictors reached the conventional significance threshold, although chronotype preference again showed a near-significant effect (β = 5.13, 95% CI [–0.35, 10.61], p = 0.064), with evening types presenting higher melatonin levels.

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showed a trendp = 0.093so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Model (2), for melatonin concentration one hour after awakening, the model showed a trend toward significance (R2 = 0.46, F(4,12) = 2.56, p = 0.093).

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a trend toward significancep = 0.093so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Model (2), for melatonin concentration one hour after awakening, the model showed a trend toward significance (R2 = 0.46, F(4,12) = 2.56, p = 0.093).

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a near-significant trendno p-value reported

Similarly, melatonin concentration one hour after awakening showed a near-significant trend with chronotype.

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