Immune architecture of colorectal cancer brain metastases: spatial TAM heterogeneity and PD-L1 dynamics.

Front Immunol · 2026 · PMC13111462 · PMID 42051531

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0700

closest p · 1.4× alpha

0.0700

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep ≈ 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

A trend toward higher stromal CD163 expression in brain metastases arising from rectal primaries was observed but did not reach statistical significance (p ≈ 0.07).

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near-significantno p-value reported

CD86 expression in primary CRCs showed no consistent associations with clinicopathological parameters, with only isolated near-significant findings.

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