Association between tumor volume changes during neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and survival outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter study.

It should be noted that in this study, both before and after PSM, the proportion of patients in the delayed surgery group who developed distant metastasis (including isolated distant metastasis and concurrent local and distant recurrence) was numerically higher than that in the early surgery group, although this difference did not reach statistical significance (before matching: 61.90% vs. 48.94%, P = 0.322; after matching: 65.00% vs. 45.16%, P = 0.166).

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Surgery performed within 6 weeks of neoadjuvant therapy was significantly associated with longer OS, while DFS and PFS also showed a trend toward improvement.

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