Serum GDF-15 Levels Correlate With Motor and Nonmotor Symptom Domains and Overall Disease Severity in Patients With Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinsons Dis · 2026 · PMC13129218 · PMID 42078944

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

A trend toward lower MoCA‐J scores with increasing GDF‐15 levels was observed but did not reach statistical significance.

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showed a trendno p-value reported

In addition, serum GDF‐15 levels showed a trend toward a negative correlation with cognitive performance as assessed by MoCA‐J scores ( r = −0.252), although this association did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.117).

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