Intermittent fasting for rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of conflicting evidence from observational studies and randomized controlled trials.

PeerJ · 2026 · PMC13131347 · PMID 42079723

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.3400

closest p · 6.8× alpha

0.3400

boldest claim

The sentences

a decreasing trendP = 0.34not close (p > 0.1)

did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

However, although CDAI also showed a decreasing trend (MD = −3.71, 95% CI [−11.35 to 3.93], P = 0.34; I 2 = 66%), this change did not reach statistical significance ( Table 3 ).

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a clear trendno p-value reported

Notably, while the point estimates for BASDAI, MS, and ESR indicated a clear trend, their 95% confidence intervals were close to the null value, precluding definitive conclusions.

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