Identification of an immune-metabolic biosignature linking depressive symptoms and breast cancer in a clinical population.

Transl Psychiatry · 2026 · PMC13183977 · PMID 41965831

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0529

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0980

boldest claim

The sentences

a strong trendp = 0.0529so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Interestingly, when stratifying subjects for anxiety symptoms, a strong trend was observed for PC3, with High-AS subjects showing higher individual scores compared to the Low-AS group (F (1,42) = 3.9679; p = 0.0529).

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a slight trendp = 0.0980so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Depressive symptoms are associated with elevated BMI and IL-5 and low leptin levels The full model revealed a significant inverse association between leptin levels and higher depressive symptoms (OR: 0.8633, 95% CI: 0.7604 – 0.9800; p = 0.0231) and a slight trend for the direct influence of BMI (OR: 1.3471, 95% CI: 0.9465 – 1.9174; p = 0.0980; Tab.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Similarly, when conducting a linear regression investigating the association between leptin, IL-5 and BMI with depressive symptoms continuous scores, as assessed using the BDI-II psychiatric scale, a significant model was found (F(1,39) = 4.170; p = 0.0118), with reducing leptin levels being significantly associated with higher score of depression (β = −0.7322; p = 0.0029) while IL-5 and BMI did not reach statistical significance (Tab.

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