Effects of exercise interventions on cognitive function in sedentary adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Front Public Health · 2026 · PMC13217309 · PMID 42221635

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0630

closest p · 1.3× alpha

0.0630

boldest claim

The sentences

near-significantp = 0.063so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Subgroup analyses revealed that intervention duration partially accounted for the observed heterogeneity, with a near-significant between-group difference ( p = 0.063) and low heterogeneity within the shorter-duration subgroup ( I 2 = 0.0%).

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

For memory function, exercise demonstrated a small-to-moderate improvement compared to control that approached but did not reach statistical significance (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.68).

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