Comparison of Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy and Conventional Fluid Therapy in Elective Major Abdominal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Cureus · 2026 · PMC13235771 · PMID 42256823

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showed a trendno p-value reported

All individual studies showed a trend toward shorter hospital stay with GDFT, with consistent direction of effect across studies.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The pooled estimate showed a reduction of -6.0 hours (95% CI -12.4 to 0.4), which did not reach statistical significance [ 34 ].

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