Spermidine Mitigates Immune Cell Senescence and Boosts Vaccine Responses in Healthy Older Adults-A Pilot Study.

Although a larger Phase 3 trial did not achieve statistical significance in reducing mild respiratory tract infections, there was a clear trend toward improved cellular immune function (Mannick et al. 2021 ).

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Although this did not reach statistical significance, the pattern suggests that with a larger cohort, these changes might become more robust.

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