Association of baseline and cumulative CHG index with risk of new-onset sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults.

Association between baseline CHG and sarcopenia risk was statistically significant among participants younger than 65 years (HR = 1.182, 95%CI: 1.066–1.311), those with BMI < 24 kg/m 2 (HR = 1.093, 95%CI: 1.006–1.187), individuals with and without diabetes (HR = 1.189 and 1.409, respectively), those with and without hypertension (HR = 1.121 and 1.214, respectively), and males (HR = 1.219, 95%CI: 1.083–1.372); however, the association did not reach statistical significance in participants aged 65 years or above, those with BMI 24–28 kg/m 2 or ≥28 kg/m 2 , or females, with all interaction P values exceeding 0.05, indicating no significant effect modification.

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Compared with the lowest quartile (Q1), participants in the highest quartile (Q4) had a significantly higher risk of sarcopenia (HR = 1.287, 95% CI: 1.022−1.619), with a significant trend across quartiles (P for trend = 0.021). 3.4 RCS analysis of association of baseline CHG with new-onset sarcopenia risk The RCS regression demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between baseline CHG levels and the risk of new-onset sarcopenia (P for nonlinearity > 0.05; P for overall < 0.001, Fig.3 ). 3.5 Predictive capability of baseline CHG and TyG for predicting new-onset sarcopenia The time-dependent ROC analysis showed that the baseline CHG index had a moderate predictive ability for new-onset sarcopenia, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.646 (95% CI: 0.560−0.696).

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