Efficacy of adjunctive antibiotics compared to non-antibiotic therapies following mechanical debridement for peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

In the comparison of mechanical debridement plus antibiotics versus mechanical debridement alone, adjunctive antibiotics were associated with significant improvements in CAL (pooled effect size: −0.84; 95% CI: [−1.55, −0.13]; P = 0.02), PPD (−0.73; [−1.19, −0.27]; P = 0.002) and PS (−3.94; [−7.14, −0.74]; P = 0.02), while the reduction in BOP approached significance (−18.64; [−38.91, 1.63]; P = 0.07).

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Route-specific analysis showed that local antibiotics significantly lowered PS (WMD = −6.57, 95% CI: [−11.10, −2.04], P = 0.004; heterogeneity:I 2 = 0%, P = 0.99), whereas systemic administration did not reach statistical significance (WMD = −2.63, 95% CI: [−6.07, 0.80], P = 0.13; heterogeneity:I 2 = 0%, P = 0.78)(Supplementary Materials S8 Fig in S1 File ).

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