Metabarcoding of <i>Chloraea</i> orchid roots reveals diverse fungal communities and a negative association between fungal diversity and geographic range.

No significant relationships were detected between any diversity index and AOO under either dataset, with the exception of a marginally non-significant association between Pielou and AOO when single-sample species were excluded (R2 = 0.476, p = 0.058).

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For EOO, a significant negative relationship was detected with inverse Simpson when all 11 species were included (R2 = 0.474, p = 0.019); Menhinick also approached significance under the same conditions (R2 = 0.341, p = 0.059).

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Beyond richness, evenness indices also showed a negative trend with latitudinal range ( Figure 3 ), suggesting that widely distributed species not only associate with fewer fungal taxa but also harbor communities dominated by one or a few abundant taxa.

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