Exploring the link between germline and somatic genetic alterations in breast carcinogenesis.

Nevertheless, cancer genes tend to expand across large genomic regions [30] , and examination of eight genes likely involved in breast cancer through low-penetrance mutations– CASP8 , COX11 , ESR1 , FGFR2 , LSP1 , MAP3K1 , RAD51L1 and TOX3 [2] – [6] , [13] , [14] –showed a trend for larger genomic loci (mean ( ) genomic extension = 211 kilo bases (kb) and standard deviation (σ) = 283 kb; compared to = 66 kb and σ = 128 kb for all annotated genes in the CGEMS GWAS rank).

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Nonetheless, most processes with nominally significant P values were those previously highlighted, which are associated with somatic events [26] , [27] ( Table S1 ).

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