Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: a meta-analysis.

Analyses of expectation bias generally consist of determining whether the anticipatory effects on trials following contiguous trials of one stimulus type show a significant trend toward increasing with the number of preceding contiguous trials.

also in 9,775 other papers

On the other hand, it is still possible that the highly significant overall effect reported here could be explained by a “filedrawer effect” if negative findings were under-reported for some reason.

also in 132,142 other papers

Several studies reporting significant or near-significant anticipatory effects were excluded because we could not determine the direction of the post-stimulus effect from either the reports themselves or from email correspondence with the authors (Bierman, 2007 , fMRI component; Hartwell, 1978 ; Don et al., 1998 ; Lehman et al., 2000 , 2001 ; McDonough et

also in 2,306 other papers