Bird migration advances more strongly in urban environments.

PLoS One · 2013 · PMC3648465 · PMID 23667625

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0520

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.1000

boldest claim

The sentences

almost significantp = 0.052so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The difference in these slopes for long distance migrants between urban and rural areas was almost significant (F 1,52 = 3.96, p = 0.052) while the difference in the trends for short distance migrants was much more distinct (F 1,52 = 9.72, p = 0.003).

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approached significancep<0.10so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

towards earlier arrival) of which eight were significant and four approached significance (0.05<p<0.10).

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approaching significanceno p-value reported

Urban trends ranged from −1.92 days/year to −0.10 days/year; all 18 had negative trends (14 significant, two approaching significance).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.