Neonatal central adiposity (determined using waist:length ratio) was negatively associated with maternal age, and positively associated with the following parameters: smoking status, maternal pre-pregnancy arm circumference, percentage energy from saturated fat in late pregnancy, postprandial glucose at 28 weeks gestation and membership of the control group with a positive trend towards association with trimester 2 glycaemic load R 2 adj 38.1% (F = 8.000, p < 0.001).
Neonatal abdominal circumference was positively associated with maternal saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake and showed a negative trend towards association with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake in trimester 3 R 2 adj 5.5% (F = 2.484, p = 0.019).
Subsequently, all factors regained statistical significance with the exception of trimester 2 GL which originally had only showed a trend toward a significant association, and postprandial glucose which showed a trend (p = 0.050) towards a positive association with waist:length circumference when the model was adjusted for underreporting.