Macrophage activation in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

PLoS One · 2015 · PMC4295887 · PMID 25590613

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

There was a trend of increased M2 cytokines but this did not reach statistical significance because of the low patient number with serial lavages.

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failed to reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

We found, however, only distinct pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly up-regulated such as IL-8 and CXCL1 while the increase in TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels failed to reach statistical significance.

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