Four other nearby (40–60kb away) but uncorrelated (r 2 with rs12418451 < 0.2) SNPs in this region also showed a trend of stronger effects in males than females, though none suggested a statistically significant difference (p-heterogeneity>0.05, Table 3b ).
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Pleiotropic and sex-specific effects of cancer GWAS SNPs on melanoma risk in the population architecture using genomics and epidemiology (PAGE) study.
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We also observed a marginally significant association with melanoma in TPCN2 , suggesting a potential male-specific pleiotropic association with both melanoma and prostate cancer.
While this latter finding did not reach statistical significance, it is a biologically plausible candidate for follow-up studies.