Acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors alters the metabolism of human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells and xenograft tumours.

The levels of Cr/PCr, acetate and glutamate showed a trend towards an increase, while myo-inositol showed a trend towards a decrease in CAL R compared with CAL S tumours but these effects did not reach statistical significance. 31 P NMR analysis of CAL S and CAL R tumour extracts corroborated the elevation in GPC and PCr levels and additionally revealed a rise in glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPE) and a fall in phosphoethanolamine (PE) levels in CAL R relative to CAL S tumours ( Table 1 and Figure 2C ).

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