Sub-optimal presentation of painful facial expressions enhances readiness for action and pain perception following electrocutaneous stimulation.

Front Psychol · 2015 · PMC4493322 · PMID 26217260

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0700

closest p · 1.4× alpha

0.0900

boldest claim

The sentences

a trend toward significancep = 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

For painfulness ratings, the main effect of facial expression type shows a trend toward significance [ F (2,42) = 2.81, p = 0.07, η p 2 = 0.12).

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showed a trendp = 0.09so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

For intensity ratings, the effect of facial expression type did not reach statistical significance [although it showed a trend: F (2,42) = 2.69, p = 0.09, η p 2 = 0.11].

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