Superior Efficacy of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Combined with Antiretroviral Prevention in Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Challenged Nonhuman Primates.

This analysis indicated that the microbicide alone over the entire course of parts 1 and 2 showed a trend toward protection (OR, 0.26 [0.06:1.02]; P = 0.054; Table 6 ), whereas the microbicide and vaccine combined provided significant protection, with a 91% reduction in the per-exposure probability of infection ( P = 0.004; Table 6 ).

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Strikingly, there were more infections in the V group than in the C group, with an OR of 1.73, although this did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.341; Table 1 ), and the baseline risk of infection in the V group was almost double that in the C group ( Table 2 ).

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