microRNA profiles in urine by next-generation sequencing can stratify bladder cancer subtypes.

Specifically, target genes of miR-30a-5p, miR-486-5p, miR-30c-2-5p, miR-205-5p, and miR-106b-3p whose expression levels showed a trend from healthy controls to MIBC patients displayed an over-representation in several KEGG pathways such as “Pathways in cancer_Homo sapiens” (hsa05200; adj p = 1.05 × 10 –7 ), “MicroRNAs in cancer_Homo sapiens” (hsa05206; adj p = 2.97 × 10 –7 ) and “Bladder cancer_Homo sapiens” (hsa05219; adj p = 3.38 × 10 –5 ).

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We observed a significant trend of increasing/decreasing expression levels from healthy controls to MIBC patients for two out of three miRNAs (miR-30a-5p and miR-486-5p) that were tested in the 3 BC subtypes ( p = 0.006 and 0.01, respectively).

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