Clinical efficacy of eucaloric ketogenic nutrition in the COVID-19 cytokine storm: A retrospective analysis of mortality and intensive care unit admission.

Nutrition · 2021 · PMC7937042 · PMID 33895559

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0500

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0620

boldest claim

The sentences

a positive trendP < 0.05actually significant

Even considering the EKD start day as a time-dependent variable, the results maintain a positive trend for application of the diet, and it is not possible to reject the null hypothesis ( P < 0.05).

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almost significantlyP = 0.05447so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

After IL-6 imputation into two bins—Δ < 0 and Δ ≥ 0, IL-6 trend, from day 0 to day 7, was almost significantly lower for patients who followed EKD (χ 2 = 3.698, df = 1; P = 0.05447; Table 4 , Fig. 3 ).

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almost significantP = 0.062so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Interleukin-6 concentrations between t0 and t7 (7 d after the beginning of the diet) in the ketogenic nutrition group show a trend that is almost significant ( P = 0.062).

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did not reach statistical significanceP = 0.160not close (p > 0.1)

showed a trendno p-value reported

The 30-d mortality in the survival analysis showed a trend of lower risk in the EKD group than the ESD group (HR, 0.416; 95% CI, 0.122–1.413), although this result did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.160; Fig. 2 A).

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