Hepcidin response to interval running exercise is not affected by oral contraceptive phase in endurance-trained women.

Baseline TNF‐α concentrations were significantly higher during the active phase than the withdrawal phase (z = −2.312; P = .021, r = −.41) (Figure 1C ), a difference that approached significance 3 hours after exercise as well (z = −1.915; P = .056, r = −.34).

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No significant differences were seen in hepcidin, IL‐6, CRP, or ferritin between the OC phases, although hepcidin and CRP showed a trend toward being higher in the withdrawal and active pill phase respectively.

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