Although separate differential expression analyses of the data from each cohort and time point failed to reach statistical significance after multiple testing correction, the consistency across cohorts and time points of gene expression changes preceding the diagnosis of PPROM was demonstrated by a post-challenge individual patient meta-analysis, which identified 402 differentially expressed genes after adjusting for cohort and time point (moderated t test; q < 0.1) ( Figure 5 B; Table S7 ).
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Crowdsourcing assessment of maternal blood multi-omics for predicting gestational age and preterm birth.
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Differentially expressed proteins preceding diagnosis with sPTD also included mediators annotated to biological processes found by transcriptomic analysis in PPROM, such as leukocyte-mediated immunity (AGER, PDPK1, LAG3, HAVCR2, IL-6, FCER2, CADM1), neutrophil-mediated immunity (PLAUR, IMPDH2, PRDX6, PA2G4, F2, IL-6, PPIE, GDI2), and regulation of vesicle-mediated transport (NAPA, PDPK1, MFGE8, ANGPT1, CAMK2A); however, enrichment of these biological processes did not reach statistical significance.