Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between serum 25(OH)D and risk of all-cause dementia ( P nonlinearity < 0.001) and VD ( P nonlinearity = 0.007), and the nonlinear association reached borderline significance for AD ( P nonlinearity = 0.06), with a threshold at around a serum 25(OH)D value of 50 nmol/L for all the outcomes.
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Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with risk of dementia among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A cohort study in the UK Biobank.
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Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analyses The results were largely consistent when analyses were stratified by sex, APOE ε4 genotype, BMI, diabetes duration, and smoking status, although some of the associations did not reach statistical significance, probably due to reduced power ( S2 Table ).